ABSTRACT
Introduction: The overlap syndrome, consisting of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome [OSAHS] and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD] is a major problem in COPD patients. OSHAS corresponds to the likelihood of systemic hypertension. The present study was aimed to evaluate the association between apnea-hypopnea index and diastolic blood pressure [DBP] in overlap patients
Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving overnight polysomnography after measurement of resting diastolic blood pressure [DBP] in patients with overlap syndrome in Sleep Laboratory of Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad, Iran from November 2010 to July 2012. Participants were divided into four subgroups regarding to their Apnea-Hypopnea Index [AHI] [AHI <5, AHI: 5-15, AHI: 15-30 and AHI >30]. Descriptive statistics included age, body mass index [BMI], OSA, Apnea-Hypopnea Index [AHI], DBP, and neck circumference
Results: Sixty participants ranged between from 46 to 82 years old were entered into this study. There was statistically significant difference in mean DBP among different AHI subgroups [80 +/- 0.50, 95 +/- 0.60, and 105 +/- 0.65, respectively] [P<0.001]. Additionally, there was statistically significant correlation between AHI and DBP [r= 0.60, P=0.01]
Conclusion: According to the findings of our study, DBP is an important cardiovascular concern in COPD patients with OSAHS and has a direct correlation with AHI
ABSTRACT
Lead poisoning can present with nonspecific signs and symptoms such as abdominal pain, constipation, irritability, difficulty concentrating, and anemia. A 57-years-old man admitted to the hospital due to abdominal pain of 40 days duration and 9 kg of weight loss. He had addiction to the oral opium from years ago. He had anemia and jaundice in physical exam .His abdominal pain was after eating and we evaluated upper and lower parts of gastrointestinal and we didn't find any clue. All of the other imagings incuding,small bowel follow through,abdominal C.T. angiography and magnetic resonance enterography were normal. Finally,serum lead levels were measured and were 1961 mic/ dl [normal range of 10 mic/dl] elevated;Therefore established diagnosis was lead poisoning. We reported a patient with lead poisoning that was presented with abdominal pain and abnormal liver biochemistries. Because of his addiction to the oral opium agents and some reports, it seems the most probable source of lead poisoning is oral opium agent
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Abdominal Pain , Transaminases , Lead/toxicity , OpiumABSTRACT
Chronic Obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD] is an important disease with high mortality rate worldwide. Nocturnal ventilatory changes and gas exchange disorder are common in COPD patients. These disorders do not correlate with bronchial spasm and airway resistance. Apnea - hypopnea Index [AH] represent the total Apnea and hypopnea in one hour. There are several risk factors for sleep Apnea. Obesity is the common causes. The aim of this study is the relationship between apnea-hypopnea index and body mass index in COPD patients. We assessed 40 COPD patients with sleep disorder in sleep laboratory. Exclusion criteria were pneumonia, Ischemic heart disease, lung cancer, congestive heart failure, Diabetes mellitus, systemic hypertension, hypothyroidism, central respiratory disorders, sedative drugs and opium usage. Body mass index [BMI] and neck circumference were assessed. Next, in this cross-sectional study, patients were evaluated with total nocturnal polysomnography. AHI was recorded. The data were gathered and analyzed with standard statistical method. Median BMI, AHI were 30.77 +/- 5.85110 and 15.05 +/- 16.50571 respectively. No significant correlation was found between BMI and AHI. There were no correlation between increasing weight and apnea - hypopnea in COPD patients. Thus, in Iranian population, sleep apnea may be occur in higher level of BMI